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第二部分：在运行nutanix ce的英特尔nuc上安装VM

4年前
2017年1月28日
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Valeriavong
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该博客是由Nutanix的Sr.系统工程师Marc Malotke撰写的。

欢迎回到安装并在英特尔nuc上配置Nutanix CE群集。这是第二部分，我们将介绍如何部署操作系统并在群集上设置一些VM。如果您错过了第一部分，请单击这里。Nutanix社区版（CE）集群启动并运行后，我们可以通过以下步骤设置VM：

下载您喜欢的操作系统（OS）的ISO
将ISO上传到Nutanix CE群

安装Windows OS（需要Fedora Virtio驱动程序）

创建和配置VM
安装操作系统
安装Nutanix宾客工具（NGT）

步骤1：下载ISO
例如：您可以从中下载最新的Ubuntu桌面这里。您也可以通过单击从Technet评估中心下载Microsoft ISO这里。

笔记：Technet评估中心为您提供180天的服务器和90天的桌面。这应该在家庭实验室中正常工作。

步骤2：将ISO上传到您的Nutanix CE群
现在，您已经下载了ISOS，使用图像配置将其上传到Nutanix CE群集，从而使您可以构建图像存储。这是导入文件的绝佳存储库。在VM创建过程中，您可以使用它从ISO映像或操作系统磁盘创建CD -ROM。

单击屏幕右上方的齿轮
单击图像配置

单击上传图像

姓名：命名您的图像文件（这不必与ISO文件名完全匹配）
图像类型：选择ISO
容器：您想在哪里存储ISO
图像来源：由于ISO在我的桌面上，我需要选择上传文件
节省：单击“保存”，上传过程将从进度窗口开始
笔记：当ISO上传时，请勿退出或尝试关闭进度窗口，因为这将取消您的上传

ISO上传完成后，新图像变得“活动”可能需要几分钟，这意味着可用

步骤2.5：安装Windows OS（需要Fedora Virtio驱动程序）
如果您要安装Linux的味道，请继续步骤3。

好的，所以您仍然在这里，这意味着您要安装Windows OS。

Nutanix CE运行AHV作为基于Linux KVM的管理程序，并且需要一些其他驱动程序才能用于Windows OSS。

我们需要做的是下载Fedora Windows Virtio驱动程序https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/windows_virtio_drivers

点击3直接下载

单击“稳定的Virtio-Win ISO”链接以下载最新的ISO

这将下载“ virtio-win-0.1.126.iso”文件（这是最新的稳定版本）
你必须回到步骤2：将ISO上传到您的Nutanix CE群要将此ISO上传到图像配置存储库

笔记：Fedora驱动程序是开源的杂志驱动程序，与Nutanix的驱动程序略有不同。Nutanix Virtio驱动程序被数字签名并发布在常规客户门户网站上。由于每个人都可以使用Nutanix CE，因此您的登录名无法访问官方的Nutanix Virtio驱动程序。不用担心Fedora Virtio驱动程序应该正常工作。

步骤3：创建和配置VM
好吧，由于我使用了上传Windows 10 ISO的示例以及如何访问和上传Fedora Virtio驱动程序，因此我将继续在本节中安装Windows 10。

现在，让我们创建和配置我们的第一个VM。

点击家
单击VM

在右侧侧单击创建VM

我共享了创建VM配置页面的屏幕截图。通常，您必须在此“窗口”中滚动以查看所有配置选项。在下面，我们将在此配置页面上详细介绍。

姓名：win10desktop
VCPU：2
每个VCPU的内核数：0（我从不修改此）
记忆：2GB（我发现无论我安装的操作系统如何，2GB都很好，对家庭实验室有很长的路要走）

您会注意到默认情况下，磁盘部分下有一个CDROM
笔记：因为这是Windows OS，所以我们实际上必须添加（2）CDROM或ISO，是（1）Windows 10 ISO和（2）Fedora Virtio驱动程序，我想首先通过单击X上的X上删除此默认的CDROM右侧。
确保立即删除CDROM

笔记：我专门为Windows 10操作系统执行此过程，因为有时在安装过程中不会出现Fedora Virtio驱动程序（稍后会扩展）。

现在CDROM消失了，我们可以继续
单击添加新磁盘

无需更改类型，操作，总线类型，容器
您想要VDISK有多大？我通常使用40GB
笔记：VDISKS已薄而面
单击添加

再次单击添加新磁盘
现在我们将添加图像服务中的win10iso
类型：光盘
手术：来自图像服务的克隆
巴士类型：IDE，这应该是默认
图像：选择win10iso
单击添加

由于这是Windows OS，我们需要添加第二个CDROM
再次单击添加新磁盘
类型：光盘
手术：来自图像服务的克隆
巴士类型：IDE
图像：Fedoravirtiso
单击添加
笔记：我下载了ISO，并将其上传到图像配置中，作为步骤2.5中解释的额外步骤。

现在在磁盘下，您的配置应该看起来像这样

我们快完成了！
下一步是在网络适配器（NIC）下添加新的NIC
点击添加新的NIC
笔记：如果这是您创建的第一个VM，将提示您不存在网络适配器，并且必须创建一个网络适配器。

使用“默认网络”并将VLAN ID设置为0
选择您刚创建的网络，然后单击添加

现在配置了所有内容，请单击“保存”

步骤4：运行VM并安装OS

伟大的！创建和配置您的第一个VM应该不会发生任何事件。让我们通过单击任务进行扩展来确保我们良好。你应该看VM创建100％。

现在导航到VM视图
单击表
单击您的Win10Desktop VM
点击电源
VM启动后，单击启动控制台

我假设您已经安装了Windows OS，所以我将重点放在安装的主要部分上

选择自定义：仅安装Windows（高级）

请记住，当我提到AHV使用KVM时，Windows安装需要其他驱动程序。
单击加载驱动程序

单击浏览

扩展驱动器e ：（或任何具有Virtio驱动程序的驱动器字母）

扩展Vioscsi文件夹

扩展W10文件夹，因为我们正在安装Windows 10

单击AMD64文件夹
单击确定

应该发现红色帽子virtio scsi驱动程序
点击下一步

现在，Windows安装可以看到我们创建的40GB VDISK
单击下一步开始Windows OS安装

单击安装Windows 10的旁边后，该过程应花费大约3分钟，然后重新启动Windows 10，然后在大约2分钟内进行准备。到达此PC屏幕的创建帐户大约需要大约5分钟，这很快！

好吧，现在Windows 10启动并运行，我们必须安装（2）Fedora Virtio ISO的其他驱动程序
右键单击Windows徽标
单击设备管理器

在设备管理器中，我们需要更新（2）Windows驱动程序

右键单击以太网控制器
单击更新驱动程序软件

单击浏览我的计算机以获取驱动程序软件

单击浏览
单击具有Virtio-Win-0.1.1的正确驱动程序，也就是Fedora Virtio驱动程序
单击下一步

单击浏览
单击具有Virtio-Win-0.1.1的正确驱动程序，也就是Fedora Virtio驱动程序
单击下一步

现在重复上面的最后几个步骤以安装PCI设备的驱动程序
完成后，驾驶员已正确安装，如下所示

恭喜，您已经成功安装了第一个VM。

步骤5：安装Nutanix宾客工具（NGT）
Nutanix宾客工具启用使用Microsoft卷Shadow Copy Services（VSS）的自助服务恢复和应用程序一致的快照。因此，让我们安装它！

要安装NGT，请确保您在VM视图中
单击表
单击您的win10desktop VM

单击启用NGT
笔记：为了安装/启用NGT，您需要至少将CDROM添加到VM中。由于我们仍然在此VM中添加了（2）CDROM，我们很高兴去
以下窗口打开供您确认
点击是

好的，我承认，我想让您做此步骤，以便您可以遇到以下错误
“ VM没有空的CD/DVD-ROM设备”出现
即使我们在此VM上附有（2）CDROM，但他们目前安装了Windows 10 ISO和Fedora Virtio ISO，我们不再需要这些，所以让我们弹出它们

笔记：您无法从VM上的供电中删除CDROM，因此我们将弹出固定的ISO。

您需要做的是确保您选择了Windows10Desktop VM
单击更新

向下滚动到磁盘
单击两个CDROM的弹出图标

弹出已安装的ISO后，参数将显示为空
确保点击关闭

现在回去单击启用ngt
笔记：您可能需要单击禁用NGT（单击“是”，然后等待此更改以启用NGT）
现在继续点击启用ngt

切换回控制台窗口
打开Windows Explorer
单击这款PC
您应该看到安装在cdrom上的nutanix_tools
双击以运行安装

阅读并接受许可证，单击安装
您将有几个额外的窗户，只需继续单击即可完成

很酷，您现在已经安装了NGT

最后一步只是要彻底，我们要删除（1）（2）CDROM
向Windows 10 VM电源
返回VM -Table View
单击WIN10DESKTOP VM
单击更新
向下滚动到磁盘

删除CDROM IDE.1通过单击x
单击是删除
单击保存

在Windows 10 VM上供电，启动超酷的更新和修补过程。

您已经完成了所有5个步骤，工作很棒！

免责声明 ：此博客包含指向不属于Nutanix.com一部分的外部网站的链接。Nutanix不控制这些站点，并对任何外部站点的内容或准确性不承担所有责任。我们决定链接到外部站点的决定不应被视为对该网站上任何内容的认可。

<\/b><\/i>
\n This blog was authored by Marc Malotke, Sr. Systems Engineer at Nutanix. <\/b><\/i>
\n
\nWelcome back to the installing and configuring your Nutanix CE cluster on Intel NUCs. This is the second installment where we will cover how to deploy an operating system and setup some VMs on your cluster. If you missed the first installment, please click here<\/a>. Once the Nutanix Community Edition (CE) cluster is up and running we can set up VMs with the following steps:
\n
\n
\n
Download ISOs of your favorite operating system (OS) \n
Upload ISOs to the Nutanix CE Cluster<\/ol>
\n
Install a Windows OS (requires Fedora virtio drivers)<\/ul>
\n
Create and configure a VM \n
Install the OS \n
Install the Nutanix Guest Tools (NGT)<\/ol>
\nStep 1: Download ISOs<\/b>
\nFor example: You can download the latest Ubuntu Desktop from here<\/a>. <\/a>You can also download the Microsoft ISOs from the TechNet Evaluation Center by clicking here<\/a>.
\n
\nNOTE: <\/b>The TechNet Evaluation Center gives you 180 days on servers and 90 days for desktop. This should work fine in a home lab.
\n
\nStep 2: Upload ISOs to your Nutanix CE cluster<\/b>
\nNow that you have downloaded your ISOs, upload them to your Nutanix CE cluster using Image Configuration, which allows you to build an image store. This is a great repository of imported files. You can use it to create a CD-ROM from an ISO image or an operating system disk from a disk image - during the VM creation process.
\n
\n
Click on the gear, on the top right hand side of the screen \n
Click on Image Configuration<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
Click on Upload Image<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
\n
Name:<\/b> Name your Image file (this doesn\u2019t have to exactly match the ISO filename) \n
Image Type:<\/b> Select ISO \n
Container: <\/b>Where do you want to store the ISO \n
Image Source:<\/b> Since the ISO is on my desktop, I need to select Upload a file \n
Save: <\/b>Click save and the upload process will start with a progress window \n
NOTE: <\/b>While the ISO is uploading do not exit or try to close the progress window because this will cancel your upload<\/ul><\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
After the ISO upload is complete, it may take a couple minutes for the new Image to become \u201cactive\u201d which means usable<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\nStep 2.5: Install a Windows OS (requires Fedora virtio drivers)<\/b>
\nIf you are installing a flavor of Linux please continue to step 3.
\n
\nOK, so you are still here which means you want to install a Windows OS.
\n
\nNutanix CE runs AHV as the hypervisor, which is based on Linux KVM and requires some additional drivers for Windows OSs.
\n
\nWhat we need to do is download the Fedora Windows virtio drivers https:\/\/fedoraproject.org\/wiki\/Windows_Virtio_Drivers<\/a>
\n
\nClick on 3 Direct download
\n
\n
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
Click the \u201cStable virtio-win iso\u201d link to download the latest ISO<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
This will download the \u201cvirtio-win-0.1.126.iso\u201d file (this is the latest stable version) \n
You will have to go back to Step 2: Upload ISOs to your Nutanix CE cluster<\/b> to upload this ISO to Image Configuration repository<\/ul>Note: <\/b>Fedora drivers are the open source VirtIO drivers, which are slightly different than the Nutanix ones. The Nutanix VirtIO drivers are digitally signed and posted on the regular customer portal. Since Nutanix CE is available to everyone, your login doesn\u2019t provide access to the official Nutanix VirtIO drivers. Don\u2019t worry the Fedora VirtIO drivers should work just fine.
\n
\nStep 3: Create and configure a VM<\/b>
\nAlright, since I have used examples of uploading the Windows 10 ISO and how to access and upload the Fedora VirtIO drivers, I will continue on with installing Windows 10 in this section.
\n
\nNow lets create and configure our first VM.
\n
\n
Click on Home \n
Click on VM<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
Over on the right hand side click on Create VM<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
I shared a screenshot of the Create VM configuration page. Normally you have to scroll in this \u201cwindow\u201d to see all of the configuration options. Further below we will go into more detail on this configuration page.<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
\n
Name:<\/b> Win10Desktop \n
vCPUs:<\/b> 2 \n
Number of Cores per vCPU:<\/b> 0 (I never modify this) \n
Memory:<\/b> 2GB (I find that no matter the OS I install, 2GB is just fine and goes a long way for a home lab)<\/ul><\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
\n
You will notice that by default there is a CDROM under the Disks section \n
NOTE:<\/b> Because this is a Windows OS, we actually have to add (2) CDROMs or ISOs which are (1) the Windows 10 ISO and (2) the Fedora VirtIO drivers, I want to first Delete this default CDROM by clicking on the x on the right hand side. \n
Make sure to delete the CDROM now<\/ul><\/a><\/p>
\n
\nNOTE: <\/b>I do this procedure specifically for Windows 10 OS because sometimes the Fedora VirtIO drivers don\u2019t show up during installation (I will expand on this later).
\n
\n
\n
Now that the CDROM is gone, we can continue \n
Click on Add new disk<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
No need to change Type, Operation, Bus Type, Container \n
How big do you want the vDisk? I usually use 40GB \n
NOTE:<\/b> vDisks are thin-provisioned so the actual vDisk will not take the full 40GB \n
Click Add<\/ul><\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
Click Add new disk again \n
Now we are going to add the Win10ISO from the Image Service \n
Type:<\/b> CDROM \n
Operation: <\/b>Clone from Image Service \n
Bus Type:<\/b> IDE, this should be the default \n
Image:<\/b> Select the Win10ISO \n
Click Add<\/ul><\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
Since this is a Windows OS we need to add a second CDROM \n
Click Add new disk again \n
Type:<\/b> CDROM \n
Operation:<\/b> Clone from Image Service \n
Bus Type:<\/b> IDE \n
Image:<\/b> FedoraVirtISO \n
Click Add \n
NOTE:<\/b> I downloaded this ISO and uploaded it to the Image Configuration as an extra step that was explained in Step 2.5.<\/ul><\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
Now under Disks, your configuration should look like this<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
We are almost done! \n
Next step is to Add new NIC under Network Adapters (NIC) \n
Click Add new NIC \n
NOTE:<\/b> If this is your first VM that you created, you will be prompted that no Network Adapters exist and one must be created.<\/ul><\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
used \u201cdefault-network\u201d and set the VLAN ID to 0 \n
Select the network you just created and click Add<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
Now that everything is configured, click Save<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\nStep 4: Run the VM and Install the OS<\/b>
\n
\nGreat! Creating and configuring your first VM should have gone without incident. Let\u2019s ensure we are good by clicking on Tasks to expand. You should see VM Create 100%<\/b>.
\n
\n
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
Now navigate to the VM View \n
Click on Table \n
Click on your Win10Desktop VM \n
Click on Power on \n
Once the VM starts, click on Launch Console<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\nI am assuming you have installed Windows OS so I am going to focus on the main parts of the installation
\n
\n
Select Custom:<\/b> Install Windows only (Advanced)<\/ul><\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
Remember when I mentioned AHV uses KVM and the Windows Installation needs additional drivers. \n
Click Load driver<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
Click Browse<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
Expand Drive E: (or whatever drive letter that has the VirtIO drivers)<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
Expand the vioscsi folder<\/ul>
\n
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
Expand the w10 folder, since we are installing Windows 10<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
Click on the amd64 folder \n
Click OK<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
\n
The Red Hat VirtIO SCSI driver should have been found \n
Click Next<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
Now the Windows Installation can see the 40GB vDisk that we created \n
Click Next to start the Windows OS installation<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\nAfter clicking Next to install Windows 10, the process should take about 3 minutes and then Windows 10 reboots and goes through Getting Ready in about another 2 minutes. It should only take about 5 minutes to get to the Create an account for this PC screen, which is fast!
\n
\n
\n
Alright, now that Windows 10 is up and running we have to install (2) additional drivers from the Fedora VirtIO ISO \n
Right-click the Windows Logo \n
Click on Device Manager<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
In Device Manager we need to update (2) Windows Drivers<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
Right Click on Ethernet Controller \n
Click on Update Driver Software<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
Click on Browse my computer for driver software<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
Click on Browse \n
Click on the correct driver that has the virtio-win-0.1.1 aka the Fedora VirtIO Drivers \n
Click on Next<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
Click on Browse \n
Click on the correct driver that has the virtio-win-0.1.1 aka the Fedora VirtIO Drivers \n
Click on Next<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
Now repeat the last couple steps above to install the driver for the PCI Device \n
After you are done, the drivers have been correctly installed as seen below<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\nCongrats, you have successfully installed your first VM.
\n
\nStep 5: Install the Nutanix Guest Tools (NGT)<\/b>
\nNutanix Guest Tools enable self-service restore and application-consistent snapshots with Microsoft Volume Shadow Copy Services (VSS). So let\u2019s install it!
\n
\n
\n
To install NGT, make sure you are in the VM View \n
Click Table \n
Click your Win10Desktop VM<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
Click Enable NGT \n
NOTE:<\/b> In order to install\/enable NGT, you need to have at least a CDROM added to your VM. Since we still have (2) CDROMs added to this VM we are good to go \n
The following window opens for you to confirm \n
Click Yes<\/ul><\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
OK, I admit, I wanted you to do this step so you can experience the following error \n
\u201cThe VM does not have an empty CD\/DVD-ROM Device\u201d appears \n
Even though we have (2) CDROMs attached to this VM, they currently have the Windows 10 Installation ISO and the Fedora VirtIO ISO mounted, we don\u2019t need these anymore so let\u2019s eject them<\/ul>
\n
\n
NOTE: <\/b>You cannot delete CDROMs from a powered on VM, so we will just eject the mounted ISOs.<\/ul><\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
What you need to do is make sure you have the Windows10Desktop VM selected \n
Click on Update<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
Scroll down to Disks \n
Click the Eject icon for both CDROMs<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
After you have ejected the mounted ISOs, the parameters will show empty \n
Make sure to click Close<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
Now go back and Click Enable NGT \n
NOTE:<\/b> You may have to Click Disable NGT (Click Yes, then wait for this to change back to Enable NGT) \n
Now go ahead and Click Enable NGT<\/ul><\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
Switch back to the Console Window \n
Open Windows Explorer \n
Click on This PC \n
You should see the NUTANIX_TOOLS mounted on the CDROM \n
Double-click to run the installation<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
\n
Read and accept the license, click on Install \n
You will be presented with a handful of additional windows, just keep clicking Next to complete<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
Cool, you have now installed NGT<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
Last step just to be thorough, we want to remove (1) of the (2) CDROMs \n
Power down the Windows 10 VM \n
Go back to the VM - Table View \n
Click on Win10Desktop VM \n
Click on Update \n
Scroll down to Disks<\/ul>
<\/a><\/p>
\n
\n
\n
Delete CDROM ide.1 by clicking on the X \n
Click Yes to remove \n
Click on Save<\/ul>Power on your Windows 10 VM, start the super cool update and patching process.
\n
\nYou have completed all 5 steps, great job!
\n
\n
\n
\nDisclaimer<\/i><\/b>: This blog contains links to external websites that are not part of Nutanix.com. Nutanix does not control these sites, and disclaims all responsibility for the content or accuracy of any external site. Our decision to link to an external site should not be considered an endorsement of any content on such site.<\/i>","quoteUsername":"valeriavong","translations":{"Common":{"like":"Like","unlike":"Unlike"},"Forum":{"Quote":"Quote","Share":"Share"}}}">
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